Proximate and Mineral Composition of Macrotermes nigeriensis and its Potential for Food Fortification

This study evaluated the proximate and mineral composition of Macrotermes nigeriensis, an edible termite species, to assess its potential for food fortification. Adult winged termites were collected, oven-dried, and analyzed using standard AOAC methods. The analysis revealed high fat (37.33 ± 4.93%) and moderate protein (15.59 ± 1.15%) and carbohydrate (17.84 ± 5.81%) content, yielding a calculated energy value of 466.57 kcal/100g. Mineral analysis showed significant levels of sodium (21.80 mg/g) and magnesium (10.60 mg/g). The low moisture content (5.07 ± 0.90%) enhances shelf stability. Compared to other Macrotermes species, M. nigeriensis presents a compelling nutritional profile, particularly as a high-energy lipid source. The findings strongly support its integration into food security strategies to combat protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies in sub-Saharan Africa. Further research on nutrient bioavailability and consumer acceptance is recommended.